Electric arc welding is a modern and efficient welding technology that is widely used in various industries to permanently join metal pieces. This type of welding is achieved by generating high heat through the electric arc that forms between the electrode and the metal to be welded.
An electric arc is the passage of electrical charges through a gap between conductors. This arc reaches a temperature of up to 5000 degrees Celsius, which is sufficient to melt metals such as iron and its alloys.
he arc welding process involves the use of a molten metal electrode that is fed through the arc to fill the space between the pieces to be welded. It is important that the electrode metal is similar to the metal to be welded to ensure compatibility and quality in the weld. To increase the efficiency of the welding process and protect the molten pool from oxidation by air, the electrode is covered with an insulating layer that melts during the welding process, generating an amount of gases that cover and protect the molten pool.
For an electric arc we need a high-Amperage current and get it by the transformer
The transformer is a device that transmits electrical energy between two or more circuits by electromagnetic induction, consisting of two winded wires that surround an iron core. The primary coil passes through alternating current. A variable magnetic field is generated in the core. This field generates a variable electric current in the secondary coil according to Faraday’s law In electrical induction
Given the following relationship
Vp / Vs = Np / Ns
Ip / Is = Ns / producer
where:
Vp voltage on the primary coil “Volts”
Vs voltage on the secondary coil “Volts”
Np number of winds the primary coil
Ns number of winds in secondary coil
Ip current in the primary coil “Amperes “
Is current in secondary coil “Amp”
Types of arc welding:
Types of electrodes:
Arc welding methods:
In conclusion, electric arc welding represents an important technology in the field of metallurgy and construction industries, and knowledge of welding types, types of electrodes, and welding methods is essential to ensure the quality of work and the safety of metal structures.
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